174 lines
8.5 KiB
Plaintext
174 lines
8.5 KiB
Plaintext
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page.title=Auto Complete
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parent.title=Hello, Views
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parent.link=index.html
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@jd:body
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<p>To create a text entry widget that provides auto-complete suggestions, use
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the {@link android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView} widget. Suggestions are received from a
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collection of strings associated with the widget through an {@link
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android.widget.ArrayAdapter}.</p>
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<p>In this tutorial, you will create a {@link android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView} widget that
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provides suggestions for a country name.</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Start a new project named <em>HelloAutoComplete</em>.</li>
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<li>Create an XML file named <code>list_item.xml</code> and save it inside the
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<code>res/layout/</code> folder. Edit the file to look like this:
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<pre>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="fill_parent"
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android:padding="10dp"
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android:textSize="16sp"
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android:textColor="#000">
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</TextView>
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</pre>
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<p>This file defines a simple {@link android.widget.TextView} that will be used for each
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item that appears in the list of suggestions.</p>
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</li>
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<li>Open the <code>res/layout/main.xml</code> file and insert the following:
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<pre>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
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android:orientation="horizontal"
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="wrap_content"
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android:padding="5dp">
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<TextView
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android:layout_width="wrap_content"
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android:layout_height="wrap_content"
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android:text="Country" />
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<AutoCompleteTextView android:id="@+id/autocomplete_country"
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="wrap_content"
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android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"/>
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</LinearLayout>
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</pre>
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<p>The {@link android.widget.TextView} is a label that introduces the {@link
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android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView} widget.
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</li>
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<li>Open <code>HelloAutoComplete.java</code> and insert the following code for the {@link
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android.app.Activity#onCreate(Bundle) onCreate()} method:
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<pre>
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.main);
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AutoCompleteTextView textView = (AutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.autocomplete_country);
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ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.list_item, COUNTRIES);
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textView.setAdapter(adapter);
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}
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</pre>
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<p>After the content view is set to the <code>main.xml</code> layout, the {@link
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android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView} widget is captured from the layout with {@link
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android.app.Activity#findViewById(int)}. A new {@link
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android.widget.ArrayAdapter} is then initialized to bind the <code>list_item.xml</code> layout
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to each list item in the <code>COUNTRIES</code> string array (defined in the next step).
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Finally, {@link android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView#setAdapter(T) setAdapter()} is called to
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associate the {@link android.widget.ArrayAdapter} with the
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{@link android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView} widget so that the string array will populate
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the list of suggestions.</p>
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</li>
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<li>Inside the <code>HelloAutoComplete</code> class, add the string array:
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<pre>
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static final String[] COUNTRIES = new String[] {
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"Afghanistan", "Albania", "Algeria", "American Samoa", "Andorra",
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"Angola", "Anguilla", "Antarctica", "Antigua and Barbuda", "Argentina",
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"Armenia", "Aruba", "Australia", "Austria", "Azerbaijan",
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"Bahrain", "Bangladesh", "Barbados", "Belarus", "Belgium",
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"Belize", "Benin", "Bermuda", "Bhutan", "Bolivia",
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"Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Botswana", "Bouvet Island", "Brazil", "British Indian Ocean Territory",
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"British Virgin Islands", "Brunei", "Bulgaria", "Burkina Faso", "Burundi",
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"Cote d'Ivoire", "Cambodia", "Cameroon", "Canada", "Cape Verde",
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"Cayman Islands", "Central African Republic", "Chad", "Chile", "China",
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"Christmas Island", "Cocos (Keeling) Islands", "Colombia", "Comoros", "Congo",
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"Cook Islands", "Costa Rica", "Croatia", "Cuba", "Cyprus", "Czech Republic",
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"Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Denmark", "Djibouti", "Dominica", "Dominican Republic",
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"East Timor", "Ecuador", "Egypt", "El Salvador", "Equatorial Guinea", "Eritrea",
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"Estonia", "Ethiopia", "Faeroe Islands", "Falkland Islands", "Fiji", "Finland",
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"Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", "France", "French Guiana", "French Polynesia",
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"French Southern Territories", "Gabon", "Georgia", "Germany", "Ghana", "Gibraltar",
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"Greece", "Greenland", "Grenada", "Guadeloupe", "Guam", "Guatemala", "Guinea", "Guinea-Bissau",
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"Guyana", "Haiti", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands", "Honduras", "Hong Kong", "Hungary",
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"Iceland", "India", "Indonesia", "Iran", "Iraq", "Ireland", "Israel", "Italy", "Jamaica",
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"Japan", "Jordan", "Kazakhstan", "Kenya", "Kiribati", "Kuwait", "Kyrgyzstan", "Laos",
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"Latvia", "Lebanon", "Lesotho", "Liberia", "Libya", "Liechtenstein", "Lithuania", "Luxembourg",
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"Macau", "Madagascar", "Malawi", "Malaysia", "Maldives", "Mali", "Malta", "Marshall Islands",
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"Martinique", "Mauritania", "Mauritius", "Mayotte", "Mexico", "Micronesia", "Moldova",
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"Monaco", "Mongolia", "Montserrat", "Morocco", "Mozambique", "Myanmar", "Namibia",
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"Nauru", "Nepal", "Netherlands", "Netherlands Antilles", "New Caledonia", "New Zealand",
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"Nicaragua", "Niger", "Nigeria", "Niue", "Norfolk Island", "North Korea", "Northern Marianas",
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"Norway", "Oman", "Pakistan", "Palau", "Panama", "Papua New Guinea", "Paraguay", "Peru",
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"Philippines", "Pitcairn Islands", "Poland", "Portugal", "Puerto Rico", "Qatar",
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"Reunion", "Romania", "Russia", "Rwanda", "Sqo Tome and Principe", "Saint Helena",
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"Saint Kitts and Nevis", "Saint Lucia", "Saint Pierre and Miquelon",
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"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", "Samoa", "San Marino", "Saudi Arabia", "Senegal",
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"Seychelles", "Sierra Leone", "Singapore", "Slovakia", "Slovenia", "Solomon Islands",
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"Somalia", "South Africa", "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands", "South Korea",
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"Spain", "Sri Lanka", "Sudan", "Suriname", "Svalbard and Jan Mayen", "Swaziland", "Sweden",
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"Switzerland", "Syria", "Taiwan", "Tajikistan", "Tanzania", "Thailand", "The Bahamas",
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"The Gambia", "Togo", "Tokelau", "Tonga", "Trinidad and Tobago", "Tunisia", "Turkey",
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"Turkmenistan", "Turks and Caicos Islands", "Tuvalu", "Virgin Islands", "Uganda",
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"Ukraine", "United Arab Emirates", "United Kingdom",
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"United States", "United States Minor Outlying Islands", "Uruguay", "Uzbekistan",
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"Vanuatu", "Vatican City", "Venezuela", "Vietnam", "Wallis and Futuna", "Western Sahara",
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"Yemen", "Yugoslavia", "Zambia", "Zimbabwe"
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};
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</pre>
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<p>This is the list of suggestions that will be provided in a drop-down list when the user types into
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the {@link android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView} widget.</p>
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</li>
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<li>Run the application.</li>
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</ol>
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<p>As you type, you should see something like this:</p>
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<img src="images/hello-autocomplete.png" width="150px" />
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<h2>More Information</h2>
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<p>Note that using a hard-coded string array is not a recommended design practice because your
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application code should focus on behavior, not content. Application content such as strings
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should be externalized from the code in order to make modifications to the content easier and
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facilitate localization of the content. The hard-coded strings are used in this tutorial only to
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make it simple and focus on the {@link android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView} widget.
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Instead, your application should declare such string arrays in an XML file. This can be done
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with a {@code <string-array<} resource in your project {@code res/values/strings.xml} file.
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For example:</p>
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<pre>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<resources>
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<string-array name="countries_array">
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<item>Bahrain</item>
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<item>Bangladesh</item>
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<item>Barbados</item>
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<item>Belarus</item>
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<item>Belgium</item>
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<item>Belize</item>
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<item>Benin</item>
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</string-array>
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</resources>
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</pre>
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<p>To use these resource strings for the {@link android.widget.ArrayAdapter}, replace the original
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{@link android.widget.ArrayAdapter} constructor line with the following:</p>
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<pre>
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String[] countries = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.countries_array);
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ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.list_item, countries);
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</pre>
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<h3>References</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>{@link android.widget.ArrayAdapter}</li>
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<li>{@link android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView}</li>
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</ul>
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